Isoenzyme Investigation and Morphometrics Study of Neckera complanata and Neckera crispa

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 Department of Plant Science Biology, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran

2 Nowshahr Botanical Garden, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Bryophytes are small, non-vascular, and non-flowering plants. Neckera complanata (Hedw.) Huebener and Neckera crispa Hedew.are one of the most prominent species in the Hyrcanian wetland found in glossy pale or yellowish-green patches. There is no evidence for morphometry and isoenzymes biochemical markers (Peroxidase/Superoxide dismutase) works on this genus in Iran. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences and similarities among Neckera complanata and Neckera crispa moss populations in the north of Iran using morphometry and isoenzymes biochemical markers (Peroxidase / Superoxide dismutase). For this purpose, 18 populations from three provinces including Golestan, Mazandaran, and Guilan were collected at the same altitudes in autumn 2017. The results of morphometry were shown leaf length and leaf apex width/length were the most effective traits for the separation of populations. The results of the morphometry method and the results of isozyme banding patterns were the same, although very minor differences were observed. The largest diversity of Shannon (H́) belongs to the population of Neckera crispa from Hezarjarib while other populations have low genetic diversity. Because of the destruction of many habitats in the northern provinces of Iran and the increase in pollution in these areas, it can be said as a general result that perhaps the reason for low genetic diversity in Neckera complanata and Neckera crispa populations is the gradual extinction of these two species.

Keywords

References

Abeles FB, Biles CL. 1991. Characterization of peroxidases in lignifying peach fruit endocarp. Plant Physiol 95:269-273.
Akhani, H., Kürschner, H. (2004). An annotated and updated checklist of the Iranian bryoflora. Cryptogamie. Bryologie, 25(4), 315-347.
Akiyama H. 1994. Allozyme variability within and among populations of the epiphytic moss Leucodon (Leucodontaceae: Musci). Am J Bot 811280-1287.
Anderson LE, Crum HA, Buck WR. 1990. List of the mosses of North America north of Mexico. Bryologist 1:448-499.
Appelgren L, Cronberg N. 1999. Genetic and morphological variation in the rare epiphytic moss Neckera pennata Hedw. J Bryol  21:97-107.
Beauchamp C, Fridovich I. 1971. Superoxide dismutase: improved assays and an assay applicable to acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem 44:276-87.
Cano MJ. 2004. Pottiaceae: Hennediella, Tortula. Flora Briofítica Ibérica. Murcia: Sociedad Española de Briología 5-32.
Cano MJ, Werner O, Guerra J. 2005. A morphometric and molecular study in Tortula subulata complex (Pottiaceae, Bryophyta). Bot J Linn Soc 149:333-350.
Cheniany M, Ebrahimzadeh H, Salimi A, Niknam V. 2007. Isozyme variation in some populations of wild diploid wheats in Iran. Biochem System Ecol 35:363-371.
Cronberg N. 2000. Genetic diversity of the epiphytic bryophyte Leucodon sciuroides in formerly glaciated versus nonglaciated parts of Europe. Heredity  84:710-720.
Daniels RE. 1982. Isozyme variation in British populations of Sphagnum pulchmm (Braithw.) Warnst. J Bryol 12:65-76.
Enroth J, Ji M. 2007. A new species of Neckera (Neckeraceae, Bryopsida) from Xizang, China. Edinb J Bot 64: 295-301.
Enroth J, Olsson S, He S, Shevock JR, Quandt D. 2010. When morphology and molecules tell us different stories, part 2: Pinnatella homaliadelphoides (Neckeraceae), a new moss species from China and India. Trop Bryol 31:67-75.
Frey W, Korschner H. 1977. Studies on the bryophyte flora and vegetation of The National Park, North Iran. Iran J Bot 1:137-153.
Frey W, Kürschner H. 1983. Contributions towards a bryophyte flora of Iran, new records from Iran. Iran J Bot 2:13-19.
Guo SL, Tan BC, Virtanen V. 2006. Taxonomic and morphometric comments on Macromitrium blumei Nees ex Schwägrichen, Macromitrium zollingeri Mitten ex Bosch and Sande Lacoste and M. annamense Brotherus and Paris (Musci: Orthotrichaceae). Nova Hedwigia 82:467-482.
Hedenäs L. 1992. Flora of Madeiran pleurocarpous mosses (Isobryales, Hypnobryales, Hookeriales). J Cramer
Ji MC, Miao LH. 2009. Neckera enrothiana (Neckeraceae, Musci), a new species from Sichuan, China. J Bryol 31:240-242.
Jovet-Ast S. 1960. Quelques bryophytes d Iran. Rev Bryol Lichén;29:181.
Kürschner H. 1996. Towards a bryophyte flora of the Near and Middle East.--New records from Iran, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, and Turkey. Nova Hedwigia 63:261-272.
Kürschner H, Frey W. 2011. Liverworts, mosses and hornworts of southwest Asia (Marchantiophyta, Bryophyta, Anthocerotophyta).
Kürschner H, Kırmacı M, Erdağ A, Batsatsashvili K, Parolly G. 2012. Ecology and life strategies of epiphytic bryophyte communities from the Arcto-Tertiary relict forests of the Black and Caspian Sea areas. Nova Hedwigia 94:31-65.
Melick DR, Tarnawski MG, Adam KD, Seppelt RD. 1994. Isozyme variation in three mosses from the Windmill Islands oasis, Antarctica: A preliminary study. Biodivers Lett 1:21-27.
Melosik I, Odrzykoski II, Śliwińska E. 2005. Delimitation of taxa of Sphagnum subsecundum sl (Musci, Sphagnaceae) based on multienzyme phenotype and cytological characters. Nova Hedwigia 80: 397-412.
Moss DM, Brandt FH, Mathews HM, Visvesvara GS. 1988. High-resolution polyacrylamide gradient gel electrophoresis (PGGE) of isoenzymes from five Naegleria species. J Protozool 35:26-31.
Edw W. 1920. Mosses from the Caspian and Black Sea regions. Bryologist 23:90-91.
Olsson S, Enroth J, Buchbender V, Hedenäs L, Huttunen S, Quandt D. 2011. Neckera and Thamnobryum (Neckeraceae, Bryopsida): Paraphyletic assemblages. Taxon 60:36-50.
Pan Y, Wu LJ, Yu ZL. 2006. Effect of salt and drought stress on antioxidant enzymes activities and SOD isoenzymes of liquorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch). Plant Growth Regul 49:157-165.
Rosengren F, Cronberg N, Reitalu T, Prentice HC. 2014. Sexual reproduction in the phyllodioicous bryophyte Homalothecium lutescens (Hedw.) H. Rob. in relation to habitat age, growth conditions and genetic variation. J Bryol 36:200-208.
Royo JB, Itoiz R. 2004. Evaluation of the discriminance capacity of RAPD, isoenzymes and morphologic markers in apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.) and the congruence among classifications. Genet Resour Crop Ev 51:153-160.
Sabovljević M, Cvetković J, Živković S, Vujičić M, Sabovljević A. 2011. Genetic structure of the rare moss species Rhodobryum ontariense in Vojvodina (Serbia) as inferred by isozymes. Arch  Biol  Sci 63:151-155.
Shannon CE. 1948. A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst Tech J 27:379-423.
Shirzadian S. 2011. Five new records of mosses to the bryophyte flora of Iran. Phytomorphology 61:68-71.
Siddiquee S, Tan SG, Yusof UK. 2010. Isozyme analysis and relationships among three species in Malaysian Trichoderma isolates. J Microbiol Biotechnol 20:1266-1275.
Smith AJE. 2004. The moss flora of Britain and Ireland, 2nd ed.
Mubo SA, Adeniyi JA, Adeyemi E. 2004. A morphometric analysis of the genus Ficus Linn. (Moraceae). Afr J Biotechnol 3: 229-235.
Störmer, P. 1963. Iranian plants collected by P. Wendelbo in 1959. VI. Mosses (Musci), Årb Univ Bergen Mat 11: 1-34.
Szweykowski J, Zielinski R. 1983. Isoenzymatic variation in polish populations of the moss Plagiothecium undulatum (Hedw.) BSG-A preliminary report. J Hattori Bot Lab 54:119-123.
Wang XN, Yu WT, Lou HX. 2005. Antifungal constituents from the Chinese moss Homalia trichomanoides. Chem Biodivers 2:139-145.
Journal of Genetic Resources
Volume 7, Issue 1
2021
Pages 59-71

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics