Screening Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Germplasm for Salinity Tolerance

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

1 International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru 502324, Telangana, India

2 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, 500085, Telangana, India

Abstract

Salinity is an increasing concern for the productivity of staple food crop. Crops with improved salt tolerance are highly needed to cultivate saline lands. Groundnut demand is increasing in countries like India, where saline land could be put under groundnut cultivation. The objective of this study was to identify groundnut genotypes with salinity tolerance for breeding programs. A set of 275 groundnut germplasm accessions were screened across three different seasons for salinity tolerance. Shoot biomass and seed yield under saline and non-saline conditions were recorded. Shoot biomass under saline conditions showed limited genotypic variation and was not determined as a selection criterion in the subsequent trials. While a six-fold range of variation for pod yield under salinity (10-12.5 dSm-1 NaCl) was observed. Pod weight under saline and control conditions had week correlation. Although there was a considerable genotypic variation of pod yield under saline conditions, the G×E interaction was observable as well. We report a set of 14 tolerant and 17 sensitive groundnut genotypes based on pod-seed yield and pod-seed numbers under saline conditions in the seasons studied. Among all the genotypes, ICGV 87187 and ICGS 76 were the most tolerant lines and ICG 6993 and ICG 4746 were the most susceptible lines in 2006 and 2006-2007, respectively. The suggested lines could be used in further breeding programs such as populations mapping. Our assumption to identify salt tolerant groundnut lines from selected landraces of putative saline areas did not help successfully to get more promising lines nevertheless the mini-core set of germplasm provided most of the salinity tolerant entries.

Keywords

References

Bernstein L. 1964. Salt tolerance of plants: In Agricultural Information Bulletin No. 283, USDA.
Francois LE, Mass EV. 1994. Crop response and management on salt affectedsoils. In: Pessaraki, M. (ed), Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress. Dekker: New York, 149-180.
Joshi YC, Nautiyal PC, Ravindra V. 1994. Screening for salinity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ACIAR- Food Leg. Newsl., No. 21, September 1994.
Lauter DJ, Munns DN. 1987. Salt sensitivity of chickpea during vegetative growth and at different humidities. Aust J Plant Physiol.14: 171-180.
MungalaAJ, Radhakrishnan T, Dobaria JR. 2008. In vitro screening of 123 Indian peanut cultivars for sodium chloride induced salinity tolerance, World J Agric Sci 4: 574-582.
Payne RW, Murray DA, Harding SA, BaridDB, SautarDM. 2006. Genstat for Windows; 9th eds. Introduction (VSN International: Hemel Hempstead UK).
Quarrie SA, Mahmood A. 1993. Improving salt tolerance in hexaploid wheat. Institute of Plant Research and Jonn Innes Centre Annual Report 4.
Rangaswamy P. 2006. World salinization with emphasis on Australia. J Exp Bot 57: 1017-1023.
Richards RA. 1992. Increasing salinity tolerance of grain crops: is it worthwhile? Plant Soil 146: 89-98.
Salinity tolerance in irrigated crops. NSW Department of Primary Industries, January 2017, 1-7. Available at: www.dpi.nsw.gov.au
Singh AL, HariprassanaK, Solanki RM. 2008. Screening and selection of groundnut genotypes for tolerance of soil salinity. Aust J Crop Sci 1: 69-77.
Singh AL, Hariprasanna K, Chaudhari V, Gor HK, Chikani BM. 2010. Identification of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars tolerant of soil salinity. J Plant Nutr 33:1761–1776.
Mensah, JK, Akomeah PA, Ikhajiagbe B, Ekpekurede EO. 2008. Effects of salinity on germination, growth andyieldof five groundnut genotypes. Afr J Biotechnol 5: 1973-1979.
Srivastava N, Vadez V, Krishnamurthy L, Saxena KB, Nigam SN, Rupakula A. 2007. Standardization of a screening technique for salinity tolerance in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan). Ind J Crop Sci 2: 209-214.
Tester M, and Davenport R. 2003. Na+ tolerance and Na+ transport in higher plants. Ann Bot 91: 503-527. Upadhyaya HD, Bramel PJ, Ortiz R, Singh S. 2002. Developing a Mini Core of Peanut for Utilization of Genetic Resources. Crop Sci 42: 2150-2156.
 
Vadez V, Krishnamurthy L, Serraj R, Gaur PM, Upadhyaya HD, Hoisington DA,Varshney RK, Turner NC, Siddique KHM. 2007. Large variation in salinity tolerance in chickpea is explained by differences in sensitivity at the reproductive stage Field Crop Res 104:123-129.
 
https://www.icrisat.org
Journal of Genetic Resources
Volume 4, Issue 2
September 2018
Pages 130-140

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics